select * from VOTERLIST;

ltrim() --> Removes leading spaces from column data.
rtrim() -->	Removes trailing spaces from column data.

select name from VOTERLIST;
select name, ltrim(name) as LTrimName, rtrim(name) as RTrimName from VOTERLIST;

select * from VOTERLIST;

lower() --> Converts column data into lower case
upper() --> Converts column data into upper case
select citizentype from VOTERLIST;
select citizentype, lower(citizentype) as Lower, upper(citizentype) as Upper from VOTERLIST;

select * from VOTERLIST

cast(column as TargetDataType)	--> Converts given column data into given datatype
select 
	created_on, 
	cast(created_on as date) as OnlyDate, 
	cast(created_on as time) as OnlyTime,
	cast(created_on as varchar) as DescriptiveDate
from VOTERLIST;


convert(targetDataType, column) --> Converts given column data into given datatype
select 
	created_on, 
	convert(date, created_on) as OnlyDate, 
	convert(time, created_on) as OnlyTime,
	convert(varchar, created_on) as DescriptiveDate
from VOTERLIST;


select * from voterlist;
DOB Column::
1995-03-25
yyyy-mm-dd

year(dateColumn)	--> Extracts year from the date column
month(dateColumn)	--> Extracts month from the date column
day(dateColumn)		--> Extracts day from the date column

select dob from voterlist;
select dob, year(dob) as Year, month(dob) as Month, day(dob) as Day from voterlist;


left(column, 2) --> Extract 2 characters from column vaue from left side.
right(column, 5) --> Extract 5 characters from column vaue from right side.
select * from AADHARDATA;
select Name, left(name,3) as LeftData, left(ltrim(name),3) as LeftTrimmedData from AADHARDATA
select Name, right(name,5) as RightData, right(rtrim(name),5) as RightData from AADHARDATA


Question --> Extract only the name part from Name column?
Understand the pattern of our data	
-->	Name starting after dot(.) and all names are not having same length of data.
	Sr.Charan
	Mr.Vikram
	Mr.Sam
	Mr.Sudheer
Extract value from column after dot (.) till end of the value
We can achieve this using substring function.

charindex(character, columnValue)
charindex('.', 'Sr.Charan') --> 3
			Sr.Charan
			123456789
substring(columnValue, startPosting, NumberOfCharacters)
substring('Sr.Charan', 4, 3)--> Starting from 4th Position, 3 characters will be extracted
 		   123456789   Cha 
len('Suman')	--> 5 --> Returns length of the text i.e number of characters of the value.
select name, rtrim(ltrim(name)), len(rtrim(ltrim(name))) from AADHARDATA
select name, 
		rtrim(ltrim(name)), 
		CHARINDEX('.',rtrim(ltrim(name))),
		SUBSTRING(rtrim(ltrim(name)),4,5)
from AADHARDATA

Exercise: 
By using len(), Charindex() and Substring() functions extract name completely after dot(.)